{"rows":[{"id":122,"slug":"lori-idlout-2026","year":2026,"name":"Lori Idlout","nameEn":"Lori Idlout","nameFr":"Lori Idlout","fromParty":"New Democratic Party","toParty":"Liberal","level":"federal","province":"Nunavut","category":"Joined Government","whyEn":"The House of Commons records an NDP-to-Liberal affiliation change on March 11, 2026.","whyFr":"La Chambre des communes inscrit un passage du NPD aux libéraux le 11 mars 2026.","whatHappenedEn":"Idlout joined the Liberals on March 11, 2026. Her later committee memberships do not by themselves establish a personal promotion. Her post-crossing electoral outcome remains unassessed.","whatHappenedFr":"Idlout a rejoint les libéraux le 11 mars 2026. Ses affectations ultérieures à des comités ne démontrent pas à elles seules une promotion personnelle. Son résultat électoral après ce passage reste non évalué.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Lori_Idlout_and_Jeff_Avery_at_Kullik_Elementary_School_2022-04-12_4_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Lori_Idlout_and_Jeff_Avery_at_Kullik_Elementary_School_2022-04-12_4_%28cropped%29.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Ordinary committee membership is insufficient to justify a clear-advantage score; an untested electoral outcome must not be encoded as defeat. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:42.549Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:57.999Z","personId":77,"ridingId":null},{"id":141,"slug":"maite-blanchette-vezina-2026","year":2026,"name":"Maïté Blanchette Vézina","nameEn":"Maïté Blanchette Vézina","nameFr":"Maïté Blanchette Vézina","fromParty":"Independent","toParty":"Conservative Party of Quebec","level":"provincial","province":"Quebec","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"The Assembly’s tabled letters record an Independent-to-PCQ change in March 2026, after a separate CAQ-to-Independent departure in September 2025.","whyFr":"Les lettres déposées à l’Assemblée inscrivent un passage d’indépendante au PCQ en mars 2026, après un départ distinct de la CAQ en septembre 2025.","whatHappenedEn":"Blanchette Vézina’s ministerial roles ended on September 10, 2025. She became Independent on September 18, 2025, then joined the PCQ on March 24, 2026. The earlier ministry is not a new benefit of the PCQ move. The reviewed record establishes no post-change electoral result or new appointment warranting a score.","whatHappenedFr":"Les fonctions ministérielles de Blanchette Vézina ont pris fin le 10 septembre 2025. Elle est devenue indépendante le 18 septembre 2025, puis a rejoint le PCQ le 24 mars 2026. Son ancien ministère n’est pas un nouvel avantage de ce passage. Les sources examinées n’établissent ni résultat électoral ultérieur ni nouvelle nomination justifiant un score.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ma%C3%AFt%C3%A9_Blanchette_V%C3%A9zina_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Ma%C3%AFt%C3%A9_Blanchette_V%C3%A9zina_%28cropped%29.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Withhold a premature appointment score and an untested election flag; distinguish the 2025 departure from the 2026 affiliation. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:51.987Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:36:15.993Z","personId":82,"ridingId":null},{"id":93,"slug":"marilyn-gladu-2026","year":2026,"name":"Marilyn Gladu","nameEn":"Marilyn Gladu","nameFr":"Marilyn Gladu","fromParty":"Conservative","toParty":"Liberal","level":"federal","province":"Ontario","category":"Joined Government","whyEn":"The House of Commons records a Conservative-to-Liberal affiliation change on April 8, 2026.","whyFr":"La Chambre des communes inscrit un passage des conservateurs aux libéraux le 8 avril 2026.","whatHappenedEn":"Gladu joined the Liberals on April 8, 2026. Her chairmanship of the Status of Women committee ended that day; she became a vice-chair on May 26. These changes do not establish a net promotion. Her post-crossing electoral outcome remains unassessed.","whatHappenedFr":"Gladu a rejoint les libéraux le 8 avril 2026. Sa présidence du Comité de la condition féminine a pris fin ce jour-là; elle en est devenue vice-présidente le 26 mai. Ces changements ne démontrent pas une promotion nette. Son résultat électoral après ce passage reste non évalué.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Marilyn_Gladu.png/330px-Marilyn_Gladu.png","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Compare the pre-crossing chairmanship with the later vice-chairmanship rather than treating every new assignment as an advantage. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T17:53:33.385Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:54.221Z","personId":41,"ridingId":null},{"id":92,"slug":"matt-jeneroux-2026","year":2026,"name":"Matt Jeneroux","nameEn":"Matt Jeneroux","nameFr":"Matt Jeneroux","fromParty":"Conservative","toParty":"Liberal","level":"federal","province":"Alberta","category":"Joined Government","whyEn":"The House of Commons records a Conservative-to-Liberal affiliation change on February 18, 2026.","whyFr":"La Chambre des communes inscrit un passage des conservateurs aux libéraux le 18 février 2026.","whatHappenedEn":"Jeneroux joined the Liberals on February 18, 2026. Carney announced a special-adviser role on economic and security partnerships; Jeneroux subsequently reported joining the Prime Minister on a trade mission. A cabinet appointment is not established by these sources.","whatHappenedFr":"Jeneroux a rejoint les libéraux le 18 février 2026. Carney a annoncé sa nomination comme conseiller spécial aux partenariats économiques et de sécurité; Jeneroux a ensuite indiqué participer à une mission commerciale avec le premier ministre. Ces sources ne démontrent pas une nomination au Cabinet.","benefitScore":3,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Jeneroux_Matt_Cropped.jpg/330px-Jeneroux_Matt_Cropped.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. 3 reflects a documented advisory appointment; 4 would imply a cabinet or party-leadership role that this evidence does not establish. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 3 décrit une fonction documentée distincte d’un poste au Cabinet. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:53.620Z","personId":40,"ridingId":null},{"id":90,"slug":"chris-dentremont-2025","year":2025,"name":"Chris d'Entremont","nameEn":"Chris d'Entremont","nameFr":"Chris d'Entremont","fromParty":"Conservative","toParty":"Liberal","level":"federal","province":"Nova Scotia","category":"Joined Government","whyEn":"The House of Commons records his move from the Conservative caucus to the Liberal caucus on November 4, 2025.","whyFr":"La Chambre des communes inscrit son passage du caucus conservateur au caucus libéral le 4 novembre 2025.","whatHappenedEn":"D'Entremont joined the Liberals on November 4, 2025. His Deputy Speaker tenure ended on May 25, 2025, before the crossing. That earlier office cannot be counted as a reward for this move.","whatHappenedFr":"D'Entremont a rejoint les libéraux le 4 novembre 2025. Son mandat de vice-président de la Chambre s'est terminé le 25 mai 2025, avant ce changement. Cette fonction antérieure ne peut pas être comptée comme une récompense pour ce passage.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Chris_d%E2%80%99Entremont_MP.jpg/330px-Chris_d%E2%80%99Entremont_MP.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Withhold the score: the reviewed role history does not substantiate the existing cabinet-level assessment. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:53.078Z","personId":38,"ridingId":null},{"id":138,"slug":"dallas-brodie-2025","year":2025,"name":"Dallas Brodie","nameEn":"Dallas Brodie","nameFr":"Dallas Brodie","fromParty":"BC Conservative","toParty":"Independent","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Kicked Out","whyEn":"Brodie, BC Conservative MLA, left the party caucus in 2025 amid internal disputes, sitting as an independent.","whyFr":"Brodie, députée conservatrice de la C.-B., a quitté le caucus du parti en 2025 lors de disputes internes.","whatHappenedEn":"Brodie left the Conservative caucus in March 2025 and became OneBC’s interim leader in June. That subsequent party role is distinct from a cabinet appointment or an electoral win.","whatHappenedFr":"Brodie a quitté le caucus conservateur en mars 2025 et est devenue cheffe intérimaire de OneBC en juin. Cette fonction partisane ultérieure est distincte d’une nomination au Cabinet ou d’une victoire électorale.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Dallas_Brodie.jpg/330px-Dallas_Brodie.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Apply the same broad party-leadership criterion used elsewhere: 4 records the subsequent role, not overall success or an endorsement. The existing 0 is unsupportable. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:50.496Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:36:15.431Z","personId":53,"ridingId":null},{"id":91,"slug":"michael-ma-2025","year":2025,"name":"Michael Ma","nameEn":"Michael Ma","nameFr":"Michael Ma","fromParty":"Conservative","toParty":"Liberal","level":"federal","province":"Ontario","category":"Joined Government","whyEn":"The House of Commons records Michael Ma’s affiliation changing from Conservative to Liberal on December 11, 2025.","whyFr":"La Chambre des communes consigne le passage de Michael Ma de l’affiliation conservatrice à l’affiliation libérale le 11 décembre 2025.","whatHappenedEn":"Ma joined the federal Liberals on December 11, 2025. His Canada-China association vice-chairmanship began in October 2025, before the crossing. The attached BC provincial realignment material concerns the wrong political context.","whatHappenedFr":"Ma a rejoint les libéraux fédéraux le 11 décembre 2025. Sa vice-présidence de l’association Canada-Chine a commencé en octobre 2025, avant ce passage. Le contenu associé au réalignement provincial en Colombie-Britannique ne correspond pas à son parcours.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Keep the score withheld; a pre-existing association role does not demonstrate a new benefit. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:35.053Z","personId":39,"ridingId":null},{"id":139,"slug":"tara-armstrong-2025","year":2025,"name":"Tara Armstrong","nameEn":"Tara Armstrong","nameFr":"Tara Armstrong","fromParty":"BC Conservative","toParty":"Independent","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"Armstrong left the Conservative caucus voluntarily in March 2025; she was not expelled in the event described here.","whyFr":"Armstrong a quitté volontairement le caucus conservateur en mars 2025; elle n’a pas été expulsée lors de cet événement.","whatHappenedEn":"Armstrong voluntarily followed Brodie out of the Conservative caucus in March 2025. She later held OneBC’s House-leader role. An untested post-crossing election should not be recorded as a defeat.","whatHappenedFr":"Armstrong a volontairement suivi Brodie hors du caucus conservateur en mars 2025. Elle a ensuite exercé la fonction de leader parlementaire de OneBC. Une élection non encore évaluée après ce passage ne doit pas être enregistrée comme une défaite.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Remove the unsupported career-destruction score. The duration and significance of the subsequent caucus role require assessment before assigning a numerical benefit. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:50.996Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:38.868Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":88,"slug":"7-bc-united-mlas-2024","year":2024,"name":"7 BC United MLAs","nameEn":"7 BC United MLAs","nameFr":"7 BC United MLAs","fromParty":"BC United","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Party Collapsing","whyEn":"Group overview of BC United members who moved to the BC Conservatives in 2024. The event count needs reconciliation with the individual entries.","whyFr":"Aperçu collectif des députés de BC United passés aux conservateurs provinciaux en 2024. Le décompte doit être harmonisé avec les fiches individuelles.","whatHappenedEn":"This is a group summary overlapping individual crossing records. Individual 2024 election results should be attached to the named people; a single group benefit score or re-election flag is not meaningful.","whatHappenedFr":"Cette fiche collective chevauche des fiches individuelles. Les résultats électoraux de 2024 doivent être associés aux personnes concernées; un score d’avantage ou un indicateur de réélection unique pour le groupe n’est pas pertinent.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Withhold the group score and flags pending an explicit member list and duplicate-counting policy. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:38.541Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":87,"slug":"brendan-maguire-2024","year":2024,"name":"Brendan Maguire","nameEn":"Brendan Maguire","nameFr":"Brendan Maguire","fromParty":"Liberal","toParty":"Prog. Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"Nova Scotia","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"The provincial government announced his move to the PC caucus and ministerial appointment on February 22, 2024.","whyFr":"Le gouvernement provincial a annoncé son passage au caucus progressiste-conservateur et sa nomination ministérielle le 22 février 2024.","whatHappenedEn":"Maguire’s appointment as Community Services Minister was announced on February 22, 2024, when he joined the PCs. He won re-election in 2024 and received the education and advanced-education portfolios in December.","whatHappenedFr":"La nomination de Maguire comme ministre des Services communautaires a été annoncée le 22 février 2024, lors de son passage aux progressistes-conservateurs. Réélu en 2024, il a reçu les portefeuilles de l’Éducation et de l’Enseignement supérieur en décembre.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":true,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. 4 reflects an actual cabinet appointment, replacing a withheld legacy assessment with documented outcomes. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:37:02.541Z","personId":36,"ridingId":null},{"id":133,"slug":"elenore-sturko-2024","year":2024,"name":"Elenore Sturko","nameEn":"Elenore Sturko","nameFr":"Elenore Sturko","fromParty":"BC United","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Party Collapsing","whyEn":"Sturko, BC United MLA for Surrey-Cloverdale, crossed to the BC Conservatives as BC United suspended its campaign in 2024.","whyFr":"Sturko, députée de BC United de Surrey-Cloverdale, a rejoint les conservateurs de la C.-B. lorsque BC United a suspendu sa campagne en 2024.","whatHappenedEn":"Sturko was elected as a BC Conservative in 2024. The Conservative caucus departure was reported for 2025-09-23.","whatHappenedFr":"Sturko a été élue sous la bannière conservatrice provinciale en 2024. Son départ du caucus conservateur est rapporté au 2025-09-23.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The election result is verified. It alone does not demonstrate a new personal promotion or justify the existing benefit score. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:48.008Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:37.778Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":128,"slug":"fred-tilley-2024","year":2024,"name":"Fred Tilley","nameEn":"Fred Tilley","nameFr":"Fred Tilley","fromParty":"Liberal","toParty":"Progressive Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"Nova Scotia","category":"Joined Government","whyEn":"Tilley, Liberal MLA for Northside-Westmount, crossed to the PCs in 2024, joining the governing party.","whyFr":"Tilley, député libéral de Northside-Westmount, a rejoint les PC en 2024, se joignant au parti au pouvoir.","whatHappenedEn":"Tilley won Northside-Westmount in 2024. He was appointed Minister of Public Works on December 12, 2024.","whatHappenedFr":"Tilley a remporté Northside-Westmount en 2024. Il a été nommé ministre des Travaux publics le 12 décembre 2024.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":true,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Retain 4 and correct the cabinet flag: the appointment is documented. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:45.519Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:35.815Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":137,"slug":"ian-paton-2024","year":2024,"name":"Ian Paton","nameEn":"Ian Paton","nameFr":"Ian Paton","fromParty":"BC United","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Party Collapsing","whyEn":"Paton, BC United MLA for Delta South, crossed to the BC Conservatives in 2024 as BC United suspended its campaign.","whyFr":"Paton, député de BC United de Delta South, a rejoint les conservateurs de la C.-B. en 2024 lorsque BC United a suspendu sa campagne.","whatHappenedEn":"Paton was elected as a BC Conservative in 2024. The Conservative caucus departure was reported for 2026-08-24.","whatHappenedFr":"Paton a été élu sous la bannière conservatrice provinciale en 2024. Son départ du caucus conservateur est rapporté au 2026-08-24.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The election result is verified. It alone does not demonstrate a new personal promotion or justify the existing benefit score. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:49.986Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:38.105Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":89,"slug":"lela-evans-2024","year":2024,"name":"Lela Evans","nameEn":"Lela Evans","nameFr":"Lela Evans","fromParty":"NDP","toParty":"Prog. Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"Newfoundland","category":"Changed Her Mind","whyEn":"The Assembly records three distinct changes in affiliation between October 2021 and July 2024; the 2022 entry omits an intervening Independent period.","whyFr":"L’Assemblée inscrit trois changements distincts d’affiliation entre octobre 2021 et juillet 2024; la fiche de 2022 omet une période comme indépendante.","whatHappenedEn":"Evans sat as an Independent from October 25, 2021, joined the NDP on March 7, 2022, and returned to the PCs on July 16, 2024. She was re-elected as a PC in October 2025 and entered cabinet on October 29. This later PC ministry follows both listed changes; it was not an NDP appointment or an immediate reward for either move.","whatHappenedFr":"Evans a siégé comme indépendante dès le 25 octobre 2021, rejoint le NPD le 7 mars 2022, puis retrouvé les progressistes-conservateurs le 16 juillet 2024. Réélue sous cette bannière en octobre 2025, elle est entrée au Cabinet le 29 octobre. Ce ministère progressiste-conservateur suit les deux changements inscrits; ce n’est ni une nomination néo-démocrate ni une récompense immédiate pour l’un de ces passages.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":true,"reelected":true,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lela_Evans_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Lela_Evans_%28cropped%29.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. 4 records the documented later cabinet role. The shared 2025 election and appointment must be counted once per person, not once per crossing. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:52.555Z","personId":37,"ridingId":null},{"id":132,"slug":"lorne-doerkson-2024","year":2024,"name":"Lorne Doerkson","nameEn":"Lorne Doerkson","nameFr":"Lorne Doerkson","fromParty":"BC United","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Party Collapsing","whyEn":"Doerkson, BC United MLA for Cariboo-Chilcotin, individually crossed to the BC Conservatives as BC United collapsed in 2024.","whyFr":"Doerkson, député de BC United de Cariboo-Chilcotin, a rejoint individuellement les conservateurs de la C.-B. lors de l'effondrement de BC United en 2024.","whatHappenedEn":"Doerkson was elected as a BC Conservative in 2024.","whatHappenedFr":"Doerkson a été élu sous la bannière conservatrice provinciale en 2024.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The election result is verified. It alone does not demonstrate a new personal promotion or justify the existing benefit score. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:47.513Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:37.887Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":136,"slug":"peter-milobar-2024","year":2024,"name":"Peter Milobar","nameEn":"Peter Milobar","nameFr":"Peter Milobar","fromParty":"BC United","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Party Collapsing","whyEn":"Milobar, BC United MLA for Kamloops-Centre, crossed to the BC Conservatives as BC United collapsed in 2024.","whyFr":"Milobar, député de BC United de Kamloops-Centre, a rejoint les conservateurs de la C.-B. lors de l'effondrement de BC United en 2024.","whatHappenedEn":"Milobar was elected as a BC Conservative in 2024. The Conservative caucus departure was reported for 2026-08-14.","whatHappenedFr":"Milobar a été élu sous la bannière conservatrice provinciale en 2024. Son départ du caucus conservateur est rapporté au 2026-08-14.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The election result is verified. It alone does not demonstrate a new personal promotion or justify the existing benefit score. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:49.492Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:37:02.167Z","personId":85,"ridingId":null},{"id":134,"slug":"teresa-wat-2024","year":2024,"name":"Teresa Wat","nameEn":"Teresa Wat","nameFr":"Teresa Wat","fromParty":"BC United","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Party Collapsing","whyEn":"Wat, BC United MLA for Richmond North Centre, crossed to the BC Conservatives as BC United collapsed in 2024.","whyFr":"Wat, députée de BC United de Richmond North Centre, a rejoint les conservateurs de la C.-B. lors de l'effondrement de BC United en 2024.","whatHappenedEn":"Wat was elected as a BC Conservative in 2024. The Conservative caucus departure was reported for 2026-08-26.","whatHappenedFr":"Wat a été élue sous la bannière conservatrice provinciale en 2024. Son départ du caucus conservateur est rapporté au 2026-08-26.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Teresa_Wat_2016.jpg/330px-Teresa_Wat_2016.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The election result is verified. It alone does not demonstrate a new personal promotion or justify the existing benefit score. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:48.501Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:36:14.878Z","personId":92,"ridingId":null},{"id":135,"slug":"trevor-halford-2024","year":2024,"name":"Trevor Halford","nameEn":"Trevor Halford","nameFr":"Trevor Halford","fromParty":"BC United","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Party Collapsing","whyEn":"Halford, BC United MLA for Surrey-White Rock, crossed to the BC Conservatives as BC United suspended its campaign.","whyFr":"Halford, député de BC United de Surrey-White Rock, a rejoint les conservateurs de la C.-B. lorsque BC United a suspendu sa campagne.","whatHappenedEn":"Halford was elected as a BC Conservative in 2024. The party named him interim Opposition leader in December 2025.","whatHappenedFr":"Halford a été élu sous la bannière conservatrice provinciale en 2024. Le parti l’a désigné chef intérimaire de l’opposition en décembre 2025.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Retain 4: an interim leadership appointment is documented. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:49.002Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:38.323Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":86,"slug":"bruce-banman-2023","year":2023,"name":"Bruce Banman","nameEn":"Bruce Banman","nameFr":"Bruce Banman","fromParty":"BC United","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Party Collapsing","whyEn":"Banman was the first of many MLAs to leave BC United (formerly BC Liberals) for the surging BC Conservatives. BC United was losing support rapidly as the right consolidated around the Conservatives.","whyFr":"Banman was the first of many MLAs to leave BC United (formerly BC Liberals) for the surging BC Conservatives. BC United was losing support rapidly as the right consolidated around the Conservatives.","whatHappenedEn":"Banman was elected as a BC Conservative in 2024. The Conservative caucus departure was reported for 2026-08-27.","whatHappenedFr":"Banman a été élu sous la bannière conservatrice provinciale en 2024. Son départ du caucus conservateur est rapporté au 2026-08-27.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Bruce_Banman.jpg/330px-Bruce_Banman.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The election result is verified. It alone does not demonstrate a new personal promotion or justify the existing benefit score. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:51.986Z","personId":35,"ridingId":null},{"id":221,"slug":"lela-evans-2022","year":2022,"name":"Lela Evans (1st crossing)","nameEn":"Lela Evans (1st crossing)","nameFr":"Lela Evans (1er changement)","fromParty":"Independent","toParty":"NDP","level":"provincial","province":"Newfoundland and Labrador","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"The Assembly records three distinct changes in affiliation between October 2021 and July 2024; the 2022 entry omits an intervening Independent period.","whyFr":"L’Assemblée inscrit trois changements distincts d’affiliation entre octobre 2021 et juillet 2024; la fiche de 2022 omet une période comme indépendante.","whatHappenedEn":"Evans sat as an Independent from October 25, 2021, joined the NDP on March 7, 2022, and returned to the PCs on July 16, 2024. She was re-elected as a PC in October 2025 and entered cabinet on October 29. This later PC ministry follows both listed changes; it was not an NDP appointment or an immediate reward for either move.","whatHappenedFr":"Evans a siégé comme indépendante dès le 25 octobre 2021, rejoint le NPD le 7 mars 2022, puis retrouvé les progressistes-conservateurs le 16 juillet 2024. Réélue sous cette bannière en octobre 2025, elle est entrée au Cabinet le 29 octobre. Ce ministère progressiste-conservateur suit les deux changements inscrits; ce n’est ni une nomination néo-démocrate ni une récompense immédiate pour l’un de ces passages.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":true,"reelected":true,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lela_Evans_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Lela_Evans_%28cropped%29.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. 4 records the documented later cabinet role. The shared 2025 election and appointment must be counted once per person, not once per crossing. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T02:25:49.871Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:36:39.434Z","personId":37,"ridingId":null},{"id":140,"slug":"claire-samson-2021","year":2021,"name":"Claire Samson","nameEn":"Claire Samson","nameFr":"Claire Samson","fromParty":"Coalition Avenir Québec","toParty":"Conservative Party of Quebec","level":"provincial","province":"Quebec","category":"Kicked Out","whyEn":"The National Assembly records two affiliation changes in June 2021: CAQ to Independent, then Independent to PCQ.","whyFr":"L’Assemblée nationale inscrit deux changements d’affiliation en juin 2021 : de la CAQ à indépendante, puis d’indépendante au PCQ.","whatHappenedEn":"Samson sat as an independent from June 15, 2021 and under the Conservative Party of Quebec banner from June 21. She did not stand in the 2022 election. The previous statement that she ran and was defeated is incorrect.","whatHappenedFr":"Samson a siégé comme indépendante à partir du 15 juin 2021 et sous la bannière du Parti conservateur du Québec à partir du 21 juin. Elle ne s’est pas présentée en 2022. L’ancienne affirmation d’une candidature suivie d’une défaite est erronée.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Do not score non-candidacy as career destruction or encode it as an election defeat. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:51.490Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:41.378Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":85,"slug":"jenica-atwin-2021","year":2021,"name":"Jenica Atwin","nameEn":"Jenica Atwin","nameFr":"Jenica Atwin","fromParty":"Green Party","toParty":"Liberal","level":"federal","province":"New Brunswick","category":"Party in Crisis","whyEn":"The House records a Green-to-Liberal change on June 10, 2021. This review assesses subsequent roles and elections rather than assigning a private motive.","whyFr":"La Chambre inscrit un passage du Parti vert au Parti libéral le 10 juin 2021. Cet examen porte sur les fonctions et élections ultérieures, sans attribuer de motif privé.","whatHappenedEn":"Atwin joined the Liberals on June 10, 2021 and was re-elected that September. She became a committee chair in March 2023 and parliamentary secretary for Indigenous Services on September 18, 2023. The House records the secretary role ending February 20, 2025. These facts establish election success and a later role, without showing why individual voters supported her.","whatHappenedFr":"Atwin a rejoint les libéraux le 10 juin 2021 et a été réélue en septembre. Elle est devenue présidente de comité en mars 2023, puis secrétaire parlementaire aux Services aux Autochtones le 18 septembre 2023. La Chambre inscrit la fin de cette dernière fonction au 20 février 2025. Ces faits établissent une victoire électorale et une fonction ultérieure, sans expliquer le choix individuel des électeurs.","benefitScore":3,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Jenica_Atwin2023.jpg/330px-Jenica_Atwin2023.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Increase 2 to 3 to apply the same parliamentary-secretary category used elsewhere; do not infer voter approval of the crossing itself. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 3 décrit une fonction documentée distincte d’un poste au Cabinet. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:51.343Z","personId":34,"ridingId":null},{"id":84,"slug":"amanda-simard-2020","year":2020,"name":"Amanda Simard","nameEn":"Amanda Simard","nameFr":"Amanda Simard","fromParty":"Independent","toParty":"Liberal","level":"provincial","province":"Ontario","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"The 2020 event was her decision to join a party she said shared her values; her protest over French-language-service cuts belongs to the separate 2018 PC-to-Independent departure.","whyFr":"L’événement de 2020 correspond à sa décision de rejoindre un parti dont elle disait partager les valeurs; sa contestation des compressions dans les services en français appartient au départ distinct de 2018, des progressistes-conservateurs vers les indépendants.","whatHappenedEn":"Simard joined the Ontario Liberal caucus on January 16, 2020 after sitting as an Independent since November 29, 2018. The row therefore has the wrong predecessor: her PC departure was a separate 2018 event. Her earlier parliamentary-assistant post ended with that departure. She remained an opposition MPP and was not re-elected in 2022.","whatHappenedFr":"Simard a rejoint le caucus libéral de l’Ontario le 16 janvier 2020 après avoir siégé comme indépendante depuis le 29 novembre 2018. La fiche indique donc le mauvais parti précédent : son départ des progressistes-conservateurs constitue un événement distinct en 2018. Sa fonction antérieure d’adjointe parlementaire a pris fin lors de ce départ. Elle est demeurée députée de l’opposition et n’a pas été réélue en 2022.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Amanda_Simard.png/330px-Amanda_Simard.png","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Correct the predecessor to Independent and record the 2022 loss; withhold an overall score because no post-change senior appointment is documented. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:37.445Z","personId":33,"ridingId":null},{"id":210,"slug":"catherine-fournier-2019","year":2019,"name":"Catherine Fournier","nameEn":"Catherine Fournier","nameFr":"Catherine Fournier","fromParty":"Parti Québécois","toParty":"Independent","level":"provincial","province":"Quebec","category":"Stood on Principle","whyEn":"The Assembly records an Independent affiliation from March 11, 2019.","whyFr":"L’Assemblée inscrit son statut d’indépendante à compter du 11 mars 2019.","whatHappenedEn":"Fournier became Independent in March 2019. She won Longueuil’s mayoral election in November 2021 and resigned her MNA seat that month; she was re-elected mayor in 2025. These are later municipal election wins, not a provincial defeat or an appointment. They do not establish a net benefit caused by leaving the PQ.","whatHappenedFr":"Fournier est devenue indépendante en mars 2019. Elle a remporté la mairie de Longueuil en novembre 2021 et quitté son siège de députée ce mois-là; elle a été réélue mairesse en 2025. Il s’agit de victoires municipales ultérieures, et non d’une défaite provinciale ou d’une nomination. Elles n’établissent pas un avantage net causé par son départ du PQ.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Withhold the appointment score; distinguish a municipal win and provincial resignation from a failed provincial re-election. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:52.354Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:52.173Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":220,"slug":"bq-quebec-debout-2018","year":2018,"name":"7 Bloc Québécois MPs (Québec debout crisis)","nameEn":"7 Bloc Québécois MPs (Québec debout crisis)","nameFr":"7 députés du Bloc Québécois (crise Québec debout)","fromParty":"Bloc Québécois","toParty":"Independent / Québec debout","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Fought Their Leader","whyEn":"The parliamentary report names Boudrias, Fortin, Marcil, Pauzé, Plamondon, Ste-Marie and Thériault as members of the Groupe parlementaire québécois from February 28, 2018.","whyFr":"Le rapport parlementaire nomme Boudrias, Fortin, Marcil, Pauzé, Plamondon, Ste-Marie et Thériault comme membres du Groupe parlementaire québécois à compter du 28 février 2018.","whatHappenedEn":"Seven MPs left the Bloc caucus on February 28, 2018, before Ouellet’s June leadership defeat and resignation. Boudrias and Marcil returned after her departure; the remaining five returned in September under interim leader Mario Beaulieu, not Blanchet. Plamondon’s House record confirms his September 17 return, 2019 re-election and brief interim speakership in September–October 2023. His office cannot be assigned to the whole group.","whatHappenedFr":"Sept députés ont quitté le caucus bloquiste le 28 février 2018, avant le revers d’Ouellet au vote de confiance et sa démission en juin. Boudrias et Marcil sont revenus après son départ; les cinq autres sont revenus en septembre sous le chef intérimaire Mario Beaulieu, et non Blanchet. Le dossier parlementaire de Plamondon confirme son retour du 17 septembre, sa réélection en 2019 et sa brève présidence intérimaire en septembre–octobre 2023. Sa fonction ne peut être attribuée au groupe entier.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Correct the reversed chronology and withhold aggregate benefit/election/cabinet fields pending person-specific assessments. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T02:25:48.907Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:54.570Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":82,"slug":"leona-alleslev-2018","year":2018,"name":"Leona Alleslev","nameEn":"Leona Alleslev","nameFr":"Leona Alleslev","fromParty":"Liberal","toParty":"Conservative","level":"federal","province":"Ontario","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"Alleslev left the governing Liberals for the opposition Conservatives, citing concerns about economic and defence policy. This is unusual - most people cross TO the governing party, not away from it.","whyFr":"Alleslev left the governing Liberals for the opposition Conservatives, citing concerns about economic and defence policy. This is unusual - most people cross TO the governing party, not away from it.","whatHappenedEn":"Alleslev was re-elected in 2019 and appointed deputy leader of the Conservative Party in November that year. The first election after her crossing must be distinguished from her later departure from Parliament in 2021.","whatHappenedFr":"Alleslev a été réélue en 2019 et nommée cheffe adjointe du Parti conservateur en novembre de la même année. La première élection suivant son passage doit être distinguée de son départ ultérieur du Parlement en 2021.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Leona_Alleslev_2017_wiki_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Leona_Alleslev_2017_wiki_%28cropped%29.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Under the existing broad party-leadership criterion, the deputy-leader appointment supports 4; the first post-crossing election was a win. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:36.898Z","personId":32,"ridingId":null},{"id":81,"slug":"maxime-bernier-2018","year":2018,"name":"Maxime Bernier","nameEn":"Maxime Bernier","nameFr":"Maxime Bernier","fromParty":"Conservative","toParty":"People's Party","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Started New Party","whyEn":"The House of Commons records Conservative, Independent and People’s Party affiliations in 2018. No finding about bitterness or a hypothetical future cabinet post is made here.","whyFr":"La Chambre des communes inscrit les affiliations conservatrice, indépendante et du Parti populaire en 2018. Cet examen ne conclut ni à une rancœur ni à la perspective d’un poste ministériel hypothétique.","whatHappenedEn":"Bernier left the Conservative affiliation on August 23, 2018, sat as an independent, and acquired People’s Party affiliation on September 14. He lost Beauce in 2019. Elections Canada lists him as People’s Party leader. The party title and electoral loss are distinct outcomes.","whatHappenedFr":"Bernier a quitté l’affiliation conservatrice le 23 août 2018, siégé comme indépendant, puis adopté l’affiliation du Parti populaire le 14 septembre. Il a perdu Beauce en 2019. Élections Canada l’inscrit comme chef du Parti populaire. Cette fonction et cette défaite sont deux résultats distincts.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Maxime_Bernier_portrait_by_Yan_Parisien_2023_%283x4_cropped%29.png/330px-Maxime_Bernier_portrait_by_Yan_Parisien_2023_%283x4_cropped%29.png","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The existing broad rubric assigns 4 to party leadership. Apply it consistently while explicitly retaining the electoral loss; this number does not mean overall success. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:36.383Z","personId":31,"ridingId":null},{"id":209,"slug":"jack-maclaren-2017","year":2017,"name":"Jack MacLaren","nameEn":"Jack MacLaren","nameFr":"Jack MacLaren","fromParty":"Progressive Conservative","toParty":"Independent","level":"provincial","province":"Ontario","category":"Kicked Out","whyEn":"His official parliamentary record changes from Progressive Conservative to Independent on May 29, 2017. Parliamentary affiliation should be distinguished from party membership or a campaign label.","whyFr":"Sa fiche parlementaire officielle passe de progressiste-conservateur à indépendant le 29 mai 2017. Il faut distinguer l’affiliation parlementaire de l’adhésion à un parti ou d’une bannière électorale.","whatHappenedEn":"The Ontario legislature records MacLaren as not re-elected in 2018. It lists his parliamentary affiliation as Independent from May 29, 2017 to May 8, 2018. The earlier account saying that he did not run is withdrawn.","whatHappenedFr":"L’Assemblée législative de l’Ontario indique que MacLaren n’a pas été réélu en 2018. Elle inscrit son affiliation parlementaire comme indépendant du 29 mai 2017 au 8 mai 2018. L’ancien récit selon lequel il ne s’était pas présenté est retiré.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. An unsuccessful electoral return is documented, but it does not substantiate the broader claim that he lost everything. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:51.852Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:41.487Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":80,"slug":"sandra-jansen-2016","year":2016,"name":"Sandra Jansen","nameEn":"Sandra Jansen","nameFr":"Sandra Jansen","fromParty":"Prog. Conservative","toParty":"NDP","level":"provincial","province":"Alberta","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"Jansen was a Progressive Conservative who crossed all the way to the left-wing NDP - one of the rarest types of crossing. She cited harassment she experienced during the PC leadership race and the party's shift to the right.","whyFr":"Jansen was a Progressive Conservative who crossed all the way to the left-wing NDP - one of the rarest types of crossing. She cited harassment she experienced during the PC leadership race and the party's shift to the right.","whatHappenedEn":"Jansen subsequently served as Alberta’s Minister of Infrastructure, a role confirmed in a federal government announcement in April 2018.","whatHappenedFr":"Jansen a ensuite été ministre de l’Infrastructure de l’Alberta, fonction confirmée dans une annonce du gouvernement fédéral en avril 2018.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":true,"reelected":false,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. A documented cabinet post supports 4 under the published rubric, rather than 3. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:37:02.042Z","personId":30,"ridingId":null},{"id":121,"slug":"eve-adams-2015","year":2015,"name":"Eve Adams","nameEn":"Eve Adams","nameFr":"Eve Adams","fromParty":"Conservative","toParty":"Liberal","level":"federal","province":"Ontario","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"The House records a Conservative-to-Liberal affiliation change on February 9, 2015.","whyFr":"La Chambre inscrit un passage des conservateurs aux libéraux le 9 février 2015.","whatHappenedEn":"Adams’s parliamentary-secretary service ended on February 9, 2015, when she joined the Liberals. She lost the Liberal nomination in Eglinton–Lawrence that July. The House records no 2015 general-election candidacy for her; a nomination loss is not a general-election defeat.","whatHappenedFr":"Le mandat de secrétaire parlementaire d’Adams a pris fin le 9 février 2015, lors de son passage aux libéraux. Elle a perdu l’investiture libérale dans Eglinton–Lawrence en juillet. La Chambre ne lui attribue aucune candidature aux élections générales de 2015; une défaite à l’investiture n’est pas une défaite aux élections générales.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Withhold the lifetime-loss assessment. Record the lost office and nomination separately; the earlier secretary role was not a post-crossing appointment. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:42.054Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:42.687Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":207,"slug":"andre-bellavance-2014","year":2014,"name":"André Bellavance","nameEn":"André Bellavance","nameFr":"André Bellavance","fromParty":"Bloc Québécois","toParty":"Independent","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Stood on Principle","whyEn":"Bellavance, BQ MP for Richmond-Arthabaska since 2004, left the Bloc to sit as an independent, expressing disillusionment with the party's direction.","whyFr":"Bellavance, député du BQ de Richmond-Arthabaska depuis 2004, a quitté le Bloc pour siéger comme indépendant, exprimant sa désillusion envers la direction du parti.","whatHappenedEn":"Bellavance’s federal service ended in 2015; his House candidate history contains no 2015 candidacy. He was elected mayor of Victoriaville on February 21, 2016. That later municipal office contradicts a description of permanent political career destruction.","whatHappenedFr":"Le mandat fédéral de Bellavance a pris fin en 2015; l’historique de la Chambre ne contient aucune candidature en 2015. Il a été élu maire de Victoriaville le 21 février 2016. Cette fonction municipale ultérieure contredit l’idée d’une carrière politique définitivement détruite.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Federal departure followed by municipal election is a mixed career trajectory, not evidence of zero benefit. Do not encode the unrecorded 2015 candidacy as defeat. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:50.839Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:42.797Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":219,"slug":"danielle-smith-wildrose-2014","year":2014,"name":"Danielle Smith + 8 Wildrose MLAs","nameEn":"Danielle Smith + 8 Wildrose MLAs","nameFr":"Danielle Smith et 8 députés Wildrose","fromParty":"Wildrose Party","toParty":"Progressive Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"Alberta","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"This entry groups Danielle Smith with eight other Wildrose MLAs in the 2014 move to the Progressive Conservatives. Each person requires a separate outcome review.","whyFr":"Cette fiche regroupe Danielle Smith et huit autres députés Wildrose lors du passage de 2014 aux progressistes-conservateurs. Le parcours de chaque personne doit être examiné séparément.","whatHappenedEn":"Smith lost the Highwood PC nomination in 2015. She later became Alberta premier on October 11, 2022. This group entry cannot establish one common outcome for Smith and the other eight MLAs.","whatHappenedFr":"Smith a perdu l’investiture progressiste-conservatrice dans Highwood en 2015. Elle est ensuite devenue première ministre de l’Alberta le 11 octobre 2022. Cette fiche collective ne permet pas d’attribuer un résultat commun à Smith et aux huit autres députés.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. A group score is not defensible without individual outcomes; a nomination defeat does not establish permanent career destruction. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T02:25:47.936Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:36.796Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":126,"slug":"ian-donovan-2014","year":2014,"name":"Ian Donovan","nameEn":"Ian Donovan","nameFr":"Ian Donovan","fromParty":"Wildrose Alliance","toParty":"Progressive Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"Alberta","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"Donovan joined the PCs with Towle on November 24, 2014.","whyFr":"Donovan a rejoint les progressistes-conservateurs avec Towle le 24 novembre 2014.","whatHappenedEn":"Donovan did contest Little Bow as a PC in 2015. He received 4,793 votes; Wildrose candidate David Schneider won with 4,803, a margin of 10. The existing claim that Donovan did not run is incorrect.","whatHappenedFr":"Donovan s’est bien présenté comme progressiste-conservateur dans Little Bow en 2015. Il a obtenu 4 793 voix contre 4 803 pour David Schneider, candidat Wildrose élu avec une avance de 10 voix. L’affirmation selon laquelle Donovan ne s’est pas présenté est erronée.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ian_Donovan%2C_Wildrose_MLA.jpg/330px-Ian_Donovan%2C_Wildrose_MLA.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Record the verified electoral defeat without equating one result with a measured overall loss from crossing. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:44.525Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:36:13.136Z","personId":65,"ridingId":null},{"id":206,"slug":"jean-francois-fortin-2014","year":2014,"name":"Jean-François Fortin","nameEn":"Jean-François Fortin","nameFr":"Jean-François Fortin","fromParty":"Bloc Québécois","toParty":"Strength in Democracy","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Started New Party","whyEn":"The House records two changes in 2014: Bloc to Independent in August, then Independent to Forces et Démocratie in October.","whyFr":"La Chambre inscrit deux changements en 2014 : du Bloc au statut indépendant en août, puis à Forces et Démocratie en octobre.","whatHappenedEn":"Fortin became Independent on August 12, 2014, then joined Forces et Démocratie on October 21 and led that party. He lost in Avignon–La Mitis–Matane–Matapédia in 2015; the party was deregistered in September 2016. He later returned to municipal office and is listed as Sainte-Flavie’s mayor in the reviewed MRC council record.","whatHappenedFr":"Fortin est devenu indépendant le 12 août 2014, puis a rejoint Forces et Démocratie le 21 octobre et en a été le chef. Battu dans Avignon–La Mitis–Matane–Matapédia en 2015, il a ensuite repris une fonction municipale : la MRC le répertorie comme maire de Sainte-Flavie. Le parti a été radié en septembre 2016.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. 4 applies the existing party-leadership rule consistently with Bernier. It records a role alongside electoral defeat and party deregistration, not net success. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:50.336Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:42.906Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":208,"slug":"jean-francois-larose-2014","year":2014,"name":"Jean-François Larose","nameEn":"Jean-François Larose","nameFr":"Jean-François Larose","fromParty":"New Democratic Party","toParty":"Strength in Democracy","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Started New Party","whyEn":"The House records his change from the NDP to Forces et Démocratie on October 21, 2014.","whyFr":"La Chambre inscrit son passage du NPD à Forces et Démocratie le 21 octobre 2014.","whatHappenedEn":"Larose joined Forces et Démocratie in October 2014. He contested La Pointe-de-l’Île in 2015 and lost. Elections Canada deregistered the party effective September 30, 2016. The party’s leadership was attributed to Fortin, not automatically to every co-founder.","whatHappenedFr":"Larose a rejoint Forces et Démocratie en octobre 2014. Il a été battu dans La Pointe-de-l’Île en 2015. Élections Canada a radié le parti à compter du 30 septembre 2016. La direction du parti était attribuée à Fortin, et non automatiquement à chaque cofondateur.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/PhotoJF_fb.jpg/330px-PhotoJF_fb.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The election and party outcomes document setbacks, but do not establish the rubric’s sweeping career-destruction claim. Co-founding alone is insufficient for a leadership score. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:51.342Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:36:37.822Z","personId":70,"ridingId":null},{"id":125,"slug":"kerry-towle-2014","year":2014,"name":"Kerry Towle","nameEn":"Kerry Towle","nameFr":"Kerry Towle","fromParty":"Wildrose Alliance","toParty":"Progressive Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"Alberta","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"Towle joined the PCs with Donovan on November 24, 2014.","whyFr":"Towle a rejoint les progressistes-conservateurs avec Donovan le 24 novembre 2014.","whatHappenedEn":"Towle contested Innisfail–Sylvan Lake as a PC in 2015, receiving 5,136 votes against Wildrose winner Don MacIntyre’s 7,829. Her opponent’s victory was Wildrose, even though the NDP won government provincially.","whatHappenedFr":"Towle s’est présentée comme progressiste-conservatrice dans Innisfail–Sylvan Lake en 2015, obtenant 5 136 voix contre 7 829 pour le vainqueur Wildrose Don MacIntyre. C’est donc un candidat Wildrose qui l’a battue, même si le NPD a formé le gouvernement provincial.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/MLA_Kerry_Towle.jpg/330px-MLA_Kerry_Towle.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Record the verified electoral defeat without equating one result with a measured overall loss from crossing. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:44.030Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:59.183Z","personId":76,"ridingId":null},{"id":130,"slug":"paul-lane-2014","year":2014,"name":"Paul Lane","nameEn":"Paul Lane","nameFr":"Paul Lane","fromParty":"Progressive Conservative","toParty":"Liberal","level":"provincial","province":"Newfoundland","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"The official party table records a PC-to-Liberal change on January 20, 2014.","whyFr":"Le tableau officiel inscrit un passage des progressistes-conservateurs aux libéraux le 20 janvier 2014.","whatHappenedEn":"Lane joined the Liberals in January 2014 and won re-election in 2015. Independent from May 2016, he won again in 2019, 2021 and 2025, then became Speaker on November 3, 2025. That later presiding office supports 3. His parliamentary-secretary role preceded the 2014 crossing and is not a new benefit of it.","whatHappenedFr":"Lane a rejoint les libéraux en janvier 2014 et a été réélu en 2015. Indépendant depuis mai 2016, il a de nouveau gagné en 2019, 2021 et 2025, puis est devenu président de l’Assemblée le 3 novembre 2025. Cette fonction ultérieure justifie 3. Son poste de secrétaire parlementaire précédait le passage de 2014 et n’en constitue pas un nouvel avantage.","benefitScore":3,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Retain 3 for a documented later election as Speaker, with the intervening Independent affiliation and delay made explicit. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 3 décrit une fonction documentée distincte d’un poste au Cabinet. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:46.524Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:52.500Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":78,"slug":"sana-hassainia-2014","year":2014,"name":"Sana Hassainia","nameEn":"Sana Hassainia","nameFr":"Sana Hassainia","fromParty":"NDP","toParty":"Independent","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Stood on Principle","whyEn":"The House records her Independent affiliation beginning on August 20, 2014.","whyFr":"La Chambre inscrit son affiliation indépendante à compter du 20 août 2014.","whatHappenedEn":"Hassainia served as an independent after leaving the NDP in 2014. She announced that she would not run again in 2015, and the House records only her 2011 candidacy. Those facts do not establish whether she received a personal benefit from leaving the party.","whatHappenedFr":"Hassainia a siégé comme indépendante après son départ du NPD en 2014. Elle a annoncé qu’elle ne se représenterait pas en 2015, et la Chambre ne recense que sa candidature de 2011. Ces faits ne permettent pas d’établir si elle a tiré un avantage personnel de ce départ.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/SanahassainiaHR.JPG/330px-SanahassainiaHR.JPG","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Remove the unsupported no-personal-benefit verdict and value judgment about principle. Non-candidacy is not an electoral defeat. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:35.857Z","personId":29,"ridingId":null},{"id":75,"slug":"brent-rathgeber-2013","year":2013,"name":"Brent Rathgeber","nameEn":"Brent Rathgeber","nameFr":"Brent Rathgeber","fromParty":"Conservative","toParty":"Independent","level":"federal","province":"Alberta","category":"Stood on Principle","whyEn":"The House records his Conservative-to-Independent affiliation change in June 2013.","whyFr":"La Chambre inscrit son passage des conservateurs au statut indépendant en juin 2013.","whatHappenedEn":"Rathgeber contested St. Albert–Edmonton in the October 2015 election and was defeated. This is a verified electoral setback after his departure from the Conservative caucus, not a measurement of his later career, book sales or personal finances.","whatHappenedFr":"Rathgeber s’est présenté dans St. Albert–Edmonton aux élections d’octobre 2015 et a été battu. Il s’agit d’un revers électoral documenté après son départ du caucus conservateur, sans mesure de sa carrière ultérieure, des ventes de son livre ou de ses finances personnelles.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Retain the documented defeat but withhold the unsupported lifetime-loss score and subjective assessment of his book’s influence. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:37:01.797Z","personId":26,"ridingId":null},{"id":205,"slug":"mitchelmore-and-kirby-2013","year":2013,"name":"Christopher Mitchelmore and Dale Kirby","nameEn":"Christopher Mitchelmore and Dale Kirby","nameFr":"Christopher Mitchelmore et Dale Kirby","fromParty":"NDP","toParty":"Independent","level":"provincial","province":"Newfoundland","category":"Fought Their Leader","whyEn":"The 2013 event was departure to Independent status. The separate Liberal affiliations occurred in 2014.","whyFr":"L’événement de 2013 était le passage au statut d’indépendant. Les affiliations libérales distinctes datent de 2014.","whatHappenedEn":"Kirby and Mitchelmore became Independents on October 29, 2013 and joined the Liberals on February 4, 2014. Both won in 2015 and entered cabinet on December 14: Kirby in Education and Early Childhood Development; Mitchelmore in Business, Tourism, Culture and Rural Development. Their individual ministries are documented, but this combined row merges two people and two affiliation changes.","whatHappenedFr":"Kirby et Mitchelmore sont devenus indépendants le 29 octobre 2013, puis libéraux le 4 février 2014. Tous deux ont gagné en 2015 et sont entrés au Cabinet le 14 décembre : Kirby à l’Éducation et au Développement de la petite enfance; Mitchelmore aux Entreprises, au Tourisme, à la Culture et au Développement rural. Leurs ministères sont documentés, mais cette fiche fusionne deux personnes et deux changements d’affiliation.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Withhold aggregate fields pending individual event records; cabinet service is documented for each person, not erased by the unscored group field. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:49.836Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:52.609Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":120,"slug":"claude-patry-2013","year":2013,"name":"Claude Patry","nameEn":"Claude Patry","nameFr":"Claude Patry","fromParty":"New Democratic Party","toParty":"Bloc Québécois","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"The House affiliation table dates the NDP-to-Bloc change to February 28, 2013.","whyFr":"Le tableau d’affiliation de la Chambre date le passage du NPD au Bloc du 28 février 2013.","whatHappenedEn":"The House records Patry’s Bloc affiliation from February 28, 2013. In 2014 he announced he would finish his term and leave federal politics; his parliamentary service ended in 2015. A retirement announcement is not an electoral defeat. The reviewed evidence does not identify a subsequent appointment warranting a score.","whatHappenedFr":"La Chambre inscrit l’affiliation bloquiste de Patry à compter du 28 février 2013. En 2014, il a annoncé qu’il terminerait son mandat puis quitterait la politique fédérale; son service parlementaire a pris fin en 2015. Une annonce de retraite n’est pas une défaite électorale. Les sources examinées n’établissent pas de nomination ultérieure justifiant un score.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Withhold the low score and false defeat flag; retirement does not prove harm caused by the crossing. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:41.558Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:52.827Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":76,"slug":"dean-del-mastro-2013","year":2013,"name":"Dean Del Mastro","nameEn":"Dean Del Mastro","nameFr":"Dean Del Mastro","fromParty":"Conservative","toParty":"Independent","level":"federal","province":"Ontario","category":"Kicked Out","whyEn":"The House records a Conservative Independent affiliation from September 30, 2013 until the end of his parliamentary service.","whyFr":"La Chambre inscrit une affiliation de conservateur indépendant du 30 septembre 2013 jusqu’à la fin de son mandat parlementaire.","whatHappenedEn":"Del Mastro’s parliamentary-secretary service ended on September 27, 2013. The House records his Conservative Independent affiliation from September 30. His parliamentary service ended on November 5, 2014, before the 2015 general election. His earlier secretary appointments should not be counted as new benefits from leaving caucus.","whatHappenedFr":"Le mandat de secrétaire parlementaire de Del Mastro a pris fin le 27 septembre 2013. La Chambre inscrit son affiliation de conservateur indépendant à compter du 30 septembre. Son mandat parlementaire s’est terminé le 5 novembre 2014, avant les élections générales de 2015. Ses nominations antérieures ne constituent pas de nouveaux avantages liés au départ du caucus.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dean_Del_Mastro_Peterborough_%287321703136%29.jpg/330px-Dean_Del_Mastro_Peterborough_%287321703136%29.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Use verified office and service dates; neither a non-candidacy nor a legal case by itself measures the financial or lifetime effect of changing affiliation. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:42:05.282Z","personId":27,"ridingId":null},{"id":204,"slug":"hal-perry-2013","year":2013,"name":"Hal Perry","nameEn":"Hal Perry","nameFr":"Hal Perry","fromParty":"Progressive Conservative","toParty":"Liberal","level":"provincial","province":"Prince Edward Island","category":"Switched Sides","whyEn":"Perry, PEI PC MLA for Tignish-Palmer Road, left the PCs and joined the governing PEI Liberals.","whyFr":"Perry, député PC de l'Î.-P.-É. pour Tignish-Palmer Road, a quitté les PC pour rejoindre les libéraux au pouvoir.","whatHappenedEn":"Perry was re-elected in 2015, 2019 and 2023. He served as Minister of Education, Early Learning and Culture from May 2015 to January 2016.","whatHappenedFr":"Perry a été réélu en 2015, 2019 et 2023. Il a été ministre de l’Éducation, du Développement préscolaire et de la Culture de mai 2015 à janvier 2016.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":true,"reelected":true,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. 4 is supported by cabinet service; the existing negative cabinet and re-election flags contradict the legislative biography. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:49.334Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:36.033Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":203,"slug":"kelly-lamrock-2013","year":2013,"name":"Kelly Lamrock","nameEn":"Kelly Lamrock","nameFr":"Kelly Lamrock","fromParty":"Liberal","toParty":"New Democratic Party","level":"provincial","province":"New Brunswick","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"The reported 2013 party change occurred after Lamrock’s legislative service had ended. It must be distinguished from a sitting-member floor crossing.","whyFr":"Le changement de parti rapporté en 2013 est postérieur à la fin du mandat parlementaire de Lamrock. Il faut le distinguer d’un changement de parti par un député en fonction.","whatHappenedEn":"Lamrock’s New Brunswick MLA service ran from 2003 to 2010. He was therefore not a sitting MLA for the party change dated 2013 in this record. A 2022 legislative report also records his appointment as Child, Youth and Senior Advocate.","whatHappenedFr":"Lamrock a été député du Nouveau-Brunswick de 2003 à 2010. Il ne détenait donc pas de siège au moment du changement de parti daté de 2013 dans cette fiche. Un rapport parlementaire de 2022 indique aussi sa nomination comme défenseur des enfants, des jeunes et des personnes âgées.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":null,"reelected":null,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Withhold the score: this is a party change outside an MLA term, and the later public appointment also makes a permanent-career-destruction label misleading. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:48.831Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:42.359Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":77,"slug":"maria-mourani-2013","year":2013,"name":"Maria Mourani","nameEn":"Maria Mourani","nameFr":"Maria Mourani","fromParty":"Bloc Québécois","toParty":"Independent","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"The official parliamentary record shows a Bloc-to-Independent affiliation change in September 2013.","whyFr":"Le dossier parlementaire officiel indique un passage du Bloc au statut indépendant en septembre 2013.","whatHappenedEn":"The House records Mourani as Independent from September 2013 until the end of the 2011–2015 Parliament. She contested Ahuntsic–Cartierville in October 2015 and was defeated. Her parliamentary affiliation must be distinguished from later party membership or an election candidacy.","whatHappenedFr":"La Chambre inscrit Mourani comme indépendante de septembre 2013 jusqu’à la fin de la législature de 2011–2015. Elle a été battue dans Ahuntsic–Cartierville en octobre 2015. Son affiliation parlementaire doit être distinguée d’une adhésion ultérieure à un parti ou d’une candidature électorale.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Maria_Mourani%2C_%C3%A9crivaine.jpg/330px-Maria_Mourani%2C_%C3%A9crivaine.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. A verified electoral defeat does not substantiate permanent career destruction. Remove the unsupported claim that this was the only such anti-crossing-policy case. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-10T14:17:36.736Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:35.314Z","personId":28,"ridingId":null},{"id":119,"slug":"bruce-hyer-2012","year":2012,"name":"Bruce Hyer","nameEn":"Bruce Hyer","nameFr":"Bruce Hyer","fromParty":"New Democratic Party","toParty":"Independent","level":"federal","province":"Ontario","category":"Stood on Principle","whyEn":"The listed 2012 event was NDP-to-Independent; the separate Green affiliation followed in December 2013.","whyFr":"L’événement inscrit en 2012 était le passage du NPD au statut d’indépendant; l’affiliation verte distincte a suivi en décembre 2013.","whatHappenedEn":"Hyer left the NDP for Independent status in April 2012, joined the Greens in December 2013 and became Green deputy leader in January 2014. He lost the 2015 and 2019 federal elections. The later leadership title supports 4 under the existing rubric, while the election defeats remain distinct outcomes.","whatHappenedFr":"Hyer a quitté le NPD pour siéger comme indépendant en avril 2012, rejoint les verts en décembre 2013 et est devenu chef adjoint du parti en janvier 2014. Il a perdu les élections fédérales de 2015 et de 2019. Le titre de direction ultérieur justifie 4 selon le barème existant, tandis que les défaites électorales restent des résultats distincts.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bruce_Hyer.jpg/330px-Bruce_Hyer.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Apply the same deputy-party-leadership criterion as Alleslev; do not let a later defeat erase a documented role. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:41.065Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:35:57.480Z","personId":48,"ridingId":null},{"id":202,"slug":"francois-rebello-2012","year":2012,"name":"François Rebello","nameEn":"François Rebello","nameFr":"François Rebello","fromParty":"Parti Québécois","toParty":"Coalition Avenir Québec","level":"provincial","province":"Quebec","category":"Joined New Party","whyEn":"The National Assembly records his change from the PQ to the CAQ on January 10, 2012.","whyFr":"L’Assemblée nationale inscrit son passage du PQ à la CAQ le 10 janvier 2012.","whatHappenedEn":"Rebello joined the CAQ on January 10, 2012 and was defeated in Sanguinet that year. The National Assembly biography records that he became president and CEO of Train-Hôtel.inc in 2013. It does not disclose whether that business role improved his income or resulted from the party change.","whatHappenedFr":"Rebello a rejoint la CAQ le 10 janvier 2012 et a été battu dans Sanguinet cette année-là. La biographie de l’Assemblée nationale indique qu’il est devenu président-directeur général de Train-Hôtel.inc en 2013. Elle ne précise ni l’effet de cette fonction sur ses revenus ni un lien causal avec le changement de parti.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. The verified defeat and subsequent business role do not establish the absolute-loss score. A company title is not evidence of personal financial gain. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T01:29:48.325Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:45.523Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":131,"slug":"john-van-dongen-2012","year":2012,"name":"John van Dongen","nameEn":"John van Dongen","nameFr":"John van Dongen","fromParty":"BC Liberal","toParty":"BC Conservative","level":"provincial","province":"British Columbia","category":"Fought Their Leader","whyEn":"Van Dongen left the BC Liberals for the BC Conservatives in 2012, then became an Independent before the 2013 election.","whyFr":"Van Dongen a quitté les libéraux de la Colombie-Britannique pour les conservateurs provinciaux en 2012, puis est devenu indépendant avant les élections de 2013.","whatHappenedEn":"Van Dongen did contest the May 2013 election. Running as an Independent in Abbotsford South, he received 5,586 votes and lost to Liberal Darryl Plecas. This was a defeat after two affiliation changes, not a decision to skip the election.","whatHappenedFr":"Van Dongen s’est bien présenté aux élections de mai 2013. Candidat indépendant dans Abbotsford South, il a obtenu 5 586 voix et a été battu par le libéral Darryl Plecas. Il s’agit d’une défaite après deux changements d’affiliation, et non d’une décision de ne pas se représenter.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":false,"notable":false,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/JohnvanDongen.jpg/330px-JohnvanDongen.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Correct the non-candidacy claim. The verified defeat does not establish permanent career destruction or total personal loss. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:47.017Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:36:14.357Z","personId":73,"ridingId":null},{"id":118,"slug":"lise-st-denis-2012","year":2012,"name":"Lise St-Denis","nameEn":"Lise St-Denis","nameFr":"Lise St-Denis","fromParty":"New Democratic Party","toParty":"Liberal","level":"federal","province":"Quebec","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"The House records the NDP-to-Liberal affiliation change on January 10, 2012.","whyFr":"La Chambre inscrit le passage du NPD aux libéraux le 10 janvier 2012.","whatHappenedEn":"St-Denis joined the Liberals on January 10, 2012. She subsequently held a vice-chair role on the Official Languages committee and announced she would not contest the 2015 election. Her term ended in 2015. Those facts do not support treating retirement as defeat or assigning a measured overall loss.","whatHappenedFr":"St-Denis a rejoint les libéraux le 10 janvier 2012. Elle a ensuite exercé une vice-présidence du comité des langues officielles et annoncé qu’elle ne se présenterait pas aux élections de 2015. Son mandat a pris fin en 2015. Ces faits ne justifient ni de traiter sa retraite comme une défaite ni de chiffrer une perte globale.","benefitScore":null,"gotCabinet":false,"reelected":null,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"/portrait-placeholder.svg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. Retirement is not a general-election defeat; the committee role is recorded without assuming equivalence to a cabinet or parliamentary-secretary appointment. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score reste non évalué lorsque les éléments sont insuffisants, contradictoires ou inapplicables. Cela ne signifie pas une absence d’avantage. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:40.561Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T23:28:53.153Z","personId":null,"ridingId":null},{"id":129,"slug":"tom-osborne-2012","year":2012,"name":"Tom Osborne","nameEn":"Tom Osborne","nameFr":"Tom Osborne","fromParty":"Progressive Conservative","toParty":"Independent","level":"provincial","province":"Newfoundland","category":"Changed Beliefs","whyEn":"His 2012 departure from the PC caucus and his 2013 entry into the Liberal caucus were separate affiliation changes.","whyFr":"Son départ du caucus progressiste-conservateur en 2012 et son entrée au caucus libéral en 2013 sont deux changements distincts.","whatHappenedEn":"Osborne left the PCs to sit as an independent in 2012 and joined the Liberals on August 29, 2013. He became Speaker in December 2015 and Finance Minister in July 2017. The later cabinet role was not an immediate appointment at the 2012 departure.","whatHappenedFr":"Osborne a quitté les progressistes-conservateurs pour siéger comme indépendant en 2012, puis a rejoint les libéraux le 29 août 2013. Il est devenu président de la Chambre en décembre 2015 et ministre des Finances en juillet 2017. Cette nomination ministérielle n’a pas suivi immédiatement son départ de 2012.","benefitScore":4,"gotCabinet":true,"reelected":true,"notable":true,"portraitUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tom_Osborne_US_Congress_portrait.jpg/330px-Tom_Osborne_US_Congress_portrait.jpg","standardContextEn":"Evidence reviewed on August 31, 2026, limited to the outcomes cited here. 4 reflects later cabinet service, not a proven bargain. Correct the 2012 destination to Independent; the Liberal move occurred in 2013. These records establish chronology, not a promised reward or the financial effect of the crossing.","standardContextFr":"Sources examinées le 31 août 2026; examen limité aux résultats cités ici. Le score 4 décrit une fonction ministérielle ou de direction partisane documentée; il ne mesure pas l’avantage global. Ces sources ne démontrent ni une récompense promise ni un effet financier du changement de parti.","createdAt":"2026-04-11T00:56:46.016Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-01T18:36:13.782Z","personId":94,"ridingId":null}],"total":218,"page":1,"perPage":50}